What is a scar and why treat it
A scar is a structure of fibrous tissue that develops in response to an injury to the skin or other tissues. It represents the body’s natural way of repairing damage caused by trauma, surgery, or certain medical conditions.
Scar tissue is mainly made up of collagen and, as a result, has a different structure compared to the surrounding tissue, appearing more rigid and less elastic.
It also differs in appearance and color, and can be more or less visible depending on the severity of the injury and the individual’s healing capacity.
The time required for scar tissue to form, as well as its final appearance, varies according to the extent of the injury, the person’s age, and their individual healing process.
In some cases, especially when scars affect independence in daily activities, it can be helpful to
assess the patient’s living environment in order to remove obstacles and support functional recovery.
Learn more about environmental assessment in occupational therapy.
Goals of Occupational Therapy in Scar Treatment
The goals that the occupational therapist aims to achieve in scar treatment are:
- Reducing scar contracture. Over time, scar tissue tends to shrink, and this retraction can reduce tissue elasticity, leading to movement limitations and stiffness. The risk is higher in joint areas or in regions such as the hands, wrists, or feet.
- Preventing and treating adhesions. Adhesions occur when scar tissue attaches to underlying tissues. Since scar tissue is not very elastic, this can restrict movement and cause functional limitations. It is therefore crucial to prevent adhesion formation or treat them early so they do not consolidate.
- Improving skin mobility and flexibility. Maintaining good skin elasticity allows for more effective rehabilitation of musculoskeletal function. This is particularly important when treating areas like the hand, which is essential for maintaining independence in daily activities.
- Reducing pain and itching. Especially in the early stages, scars can be painful and/or itchy. This hypersensitivity is usually temporary but can negatively impact quality of life. Targeted scar desensitization treatment helps accelerate the reduction of these symptoms.
- Restoring self-image. Depending on the size and location of the scar, it can also affect the person’s emotional well-being and the way they perceive themselves.
Want to improve the mobility and comfort of your scar?
Contact our center for a personalized evaluation and discover how occupational therapy can help you.
Occupational Therapy Techniques for Scar Treatment
To achieve the goals mentioned above, the occupational therapist structures the rehabilitation program by including the following treatments:- Scar massage. This is one of the main techniques used to treat scars. Scar massage can be performed manually by the therapist or with specific tools, mobilizing the tissues to improve circulation, reduce stiffness, maintain elasticity, and prevent or break down adhesions.
- Elastic taping. The application of kinesio tape helps stimulate lymphatic and blood circulation, promoting healing and improving scar tissue elasticity. The tape is applied directly over the affected area, exerting a gentle and continuous pull that helps to “lift” the scar tissue and reduce tension in the area.
- Mobilization exercises. When a scar limits the range of motion of joints or nearby structures, specific exercises are introduced to maintain or restore mobility. Stretching and mobilization exercises are particularly useful to prevent scar contractures and support proper tissue elasticity for movement.
- Aids and customized tools. In cases where the scar affects the patient’s independence in daily activities, the occupational therapist may adapt tools or suggest assistive devices to improve functionality of the affected structures. This is especially helpful for scars involving hand or wrist joints, where preserving dexterity is essential.
Holistic Approach to the Patient
Scar treatment is not a one-dimensional process but requires a holistic approach, combining manual techniques, specific tools, and emotional support to achieve the most complete recovery possible. The emotional and psychological impact of a scar can be significant. The occupational therapist’s role is to identify challenges related to self-image, providing support and/or referring the patient to other professionals, such as a psychologist, when needed. A scar thus becomes not just a mark of a past event, but part of a journey of healing and growth.FAQs
Who can benefit from occupational therapy scar treatment?
Anyone with scars that limit mobility or cause discomfort, whether due to surgery, trauma, or burns.
How long does a treatment program last?
The duration varies depending on the severity of the scar and the therapeutic goals, usually ranging from a few weeks to several months.
Is the treatment painful?
The techniques used are designed to ensure patient comfort; any discomfort is carefully monitored and managed by the therapist.
Is a medical prescription required?
Yes, it is recommended to have a medical prescription to access the treatment and for potential insurance reimbursements.
